Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, better known as the bacteria that causes TB, is an infectious bacteria infects the lungs, brain, and spine. The examination of clinical specimens from infected humans and animals shows the variable patterns of pathological reactions in different species. Guinea pigs are innately susceptible while humans, mice and rabbits show different level of resistance depending upon their genotype. Not every infection causes clinical symptoms, therefore, the distinction between carriers (Latent TB) and TB disease is crucial. If untreated, the disease can be fatal in humans. Not long ago, TB was a leading cause of death in the US and worldwide, however, now most cases can be cured with antibiotic treatment.

TB bacteria spread through the air from an infected person to another person. The TB bacteria disperse through the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, speaks or sings. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected. Infection of the lungs or throat spread quicker as a result. The bacteria do not spread on surfaces or from direct contact such as shaking hands.

In NHP Research:

Non-Human Primates (NHPs) are essential models for studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for TB. In NHP facilities, maintaining a safe environment is crucial due to the susceptibility of these animals to infection. Prompt identification of active TB symptoms is crucial to prevent bacterial transmission within NHP colonies .